Behavioral disorders # 136: Tuesday, June 3, 2014, 11:06-11:16 am; PS #5 Use of the Human Connectome to Validate fMRI Changes in the Nucleus Accumbens Associated with Reward Cues during a Gambling Task Ausaf A. Bari, Patrick Pezeshkian, Won Kim, Antonio DeSalles, Nader Pouratian Los Angeles, CA Introduction The nucleus accumbens plays a central role in mediating reward and addiction. Based on its limbic connectivity, the nucleus accumbens is a logical candidate target for DBS for multiple neuropsychiatric disorders including addiction, obesity and depression. Here we use task-fMRI data mined from the Human Connectome Project to validate that activity in the nucleus accumbens changes in response reward cues during a gambling task. Methods Task and resting state fMRI data was obtained from 40 and 120 subjects respectively as described by the Human Connectome Project (http://humanconnectome.org). Task fMRI consisted of a gambling task as previously described by Delgado and Fiez. Group average task fMRI activity and resting state functional connectivity was processed and represented in grayordinate space as described by Woolrich and Van Essen. Results Group average task fMRI activity from 40 subjects revealed a significant increase in activity in the nucleus accumbens in the REWARD-PUNISHMENT contrast and a significant decrease in activity in the nucleus accumbens for the PUNISHMENT condition. In addition, resting state data from 120 subjects revealed signficant functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and the the anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex. Conclusions Task fMRI data from subjects undergoing a gambling task show significant changes in activity in the nucleus accumbens associated with both reward and punishment. In addition, resting state fMRI data revealed significant functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and other limbic regions involved in reward processing such as the anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex. The Human Connectome Project provides neurosurgeons with a robust data set to explore the correlation between behavior and functional and structural connectivity in order to confirm and identify candidate targets for DBS for various behavioral disorders.

Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2014; 92 (suppl 1): 1-75

# 137: Tuesday, June 3, 2014, 11:16-11:26 am; PS #5 Screening the Human Connectome for Potential DBS Targets for the Treatment of Drug Addiction Ausaf A. Bari, Patrick Pezeshkian, Won Kim, Antonio DeSalles, Nader Pouratian Los Angeles, CA Introduction Drug addiction is currently one of the most devastating and costly disorders affecting humans. Successful and lasting treatment of drug addiction remains elusive and drug relapse remains a major problem. DBS of various limbic targets for the treatment of refractory drug addiction has been previously proposed by several groups. Here we describe data mining of structural and behavioral data from the Human Connectome Project to identify potential targets for DBS for the treatment of drug addiction. Methods We used the delayed discounting task as a surrogate for propensity towards addictive behavior and relapse. Delayed discounting data was summarized by 2 "area under the curve" (AUC) variables, AUC200 and AUC40000. Structural data consisted of volume, thickness and surface areas for 170 cortical and subcortical regions obtained from structural MRI scans of the same 223 subjects. Correlation between the AUC variables and structural parameters was calculated. Results Impulsivity as measured by the AUC for the delayed discounting task was significantly correlated with the following: right amygdala volume, left posterior middle frontal gyrus thickness, bilateral pars opercularis thickness, left frontal pole thickness, and right rostral anerior cingulate gyrus thickness (r > 0.20, p

Abstracts of the 2014 Biennial Meeting of the American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, May 31-June 3, 2014, Washington, D.C., USA.

Abstracts of the 2014 Biennial Meeting of the American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, May 31-June 3, 2014, Washington, D.C., USA. - PDF Download Free
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