Journal of Insect Science (2016) 16(1): 71; 1–5 doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew055 Research article
A New Genus of Macropsinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) From Madagascar Liyuan Yang,1 C.H. Dietrich,2 and Yalin Zhang1,3 1 Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China, 2lllinois Natural History Survey, Institute of Natural Resource Sustainability, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA, and 3Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Subject Editor: Roland Muehlethaler Received 25 April 2016; Accepted 6 June 2016
Abstract Paragalboa acuta gen. & sp. n. is described and illustrated from Madagascar. The new genus shows morphological affinities to the Macropsini genus Galboa Distant recorded from Seychelles. A checklist of all known genera of Macropsinae is provided. Key words: Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Macropsini, morphology, taxonomy
Members of the leafhopper subfamily Macropsinae are of nearly worldwide distribution with endemic genera and species on all continents except South America and Antarctica. Most macropsines appear to be specialized feeders on particular genera or species of woody hosts but a few inhabit grasslands or deserts and feed on herbs. In the current classification, the tribe is organized into 18 genera: Asmaropsis Linnavuori, Galboa Distant, Hephathus Ribaut, Macropsella Hamilton, Macropsidius Ribaut, Macropsis Lewis, Oncopsis Burmeister, Pedionis Hamilton, Pediopsis Burmeister, Pediopsoides Matsumura, Reticopsella Viraktamath, Reticopsis Hamilton, Ruandopsis Linnavuori, Stenopsoides Evans, Stenoscopus Evans, Toropsis Hamilton, Varicopsella Hamilton and Zelopsis Evans. A recent study of a collection of samples from Madagascar revealed the presence of a new endemic genus, Paragalboa. This new genus resembles Galboa from Seychelles in having a long rostrum extending to the base of the hind trochanters, which distinguishes them from other genera (Figs. 1–12)in this tribe. Galboa was established by Distant (1909) with Galboa typica Distant, 1909 (Figs. 18–20) as the type species. The most distinctive characters are the notched clypellus and the long rostrum. Galboa was erected based on a female specimen and is still known only from the type specimen of the type species (China, 1925; Hamilton, 1980) thus the male genitalia have not been described. Based upon careful examination of well-preserved male and female specimens from Madagascar, a new genus is described. The new genus can be distinguished from Galboa by the apex of the clypellus lacking a notch, the forewing veins lacking white spots, the shorter body length and characters of the female 7th sternite.
Material and Methods The specimens were collected using Malaise traps. External characters and genital structures were examined under Olympus SZX12 and Olympus U-DA microscopes. Morphological techniques and terminologies follow Hamilton (1980) and Zhang (1990), the rows of setae on the legs follows Rakitov (1998). Holotype specimen as well as half paratype specimens described in this study are deposited in the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA (CAS), remaining half paratypes are deposited in the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, USA (INHS).
Nomenclature This paper and the nomenclatural act it contains have been registered in Zoobank (www.zoobank.org), the official register of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. The LSID (Life Science Identifier) number of the publication is: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:pub:C0FD25EF-23A1-4559-BFC1-8203F387030D
Generic Checklist of World Macropsinae Subgenus Varicopsella (Multispinulosa) Li, Dai and Li is excluded from the list, the status of this subgenus may need more verification. Asmaropsis Linnavuori Asmaropsis Linnavuori, 1978: 17 Type species: Asmaropsis troilos Linnavuori, 1978 Galboa Distant Galboa Distant, 1909: 45 Type species: Galboa typica Distant, 1909 Hephathus Ribaut Hephathus Ribaut, 1952: 437 Type species: Bythoscopus nanus Herrich-Sch€ affer, 1835
C The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America. V
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]. Version of Record, first published online July 7, 2016 with fixed content and layout in compliance with Art. 8.1.3.2 ICZN.
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Figs. 1–12. Face (1) Macropsella; (2) Macropsidius; (3) Macropsis; (4) Oncopsis; (5) Pedionis; (6) Pediopsis; (7) Pediopsoides; (8) Ruandopsis; (9) Stenoscopus; (10) Toropsis; (11) Vericopsella; (12) Zelopsis.
Macropsella Hamilton Macropsella Hamilton, 1980: 901 Type species: Macropsis saidora Evans, 1971 Macropsidius Ribaut Macropsidius Ribaut, 1952: 436 Type species: Pediopsis dispar Fieber, 1868 Macropsis (Macropsis) Lewis Macropsis Lewis, 1834: 49 Tsavopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 14 [synonymized by Hamilton, 1980: 904] Type species: Jassus prasinus Boheman, 1852 Macropsis (Neomacropsis) Hamilton Macropsis (Neomacropsis) Hamilton, 1980: 911 Type species: Pediopsis basalis Van Duzee, 1889 Macropsis (Parapediopsis) Hamilton Macropsis (Parapediopsis) Hamilton, 1980: 905 Type species: Macropsis benguetensis Merino, 1936 Macropsis (Spinomacropsis) Li Macropsis (Spinomacropsis) Li et al., 2013: 58 Type species: Macropsis flavovirens Kuoh, 1992 Oncopsis (Oncopsis) Burmeister Bythoscopus (Oncopsis) Burmeister, 1838: 10 [elevated to genus level by Westwood, 1840: 117] Zinneca Amyot & Serville, 1843: 579 [synonymized by Hamilton, 1980: 887] Type species: Cicada flavicollis Linnaeus, 1761
Oncopsis (Parasitades) Singh-Pruthi Parasitades Singh-Pruthi, 1936: 106 [reduced to subgenus by Hamilton, 1980: 890] Type species: Parasitades baileyi Singh-Pruthi, 1936 Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton, 1980: 894 Type species: Pediopsis garuda Distant, 1916 Pedionis (Thyia) Hamilton Pedionis (Thyia) Hamilton, 1980: 894 Type species: Macropsis thyia Kirkaldy, 1907 Pediopsis Burmeister Bythoscopus (Pediopsis) Burmeister, 1838: 11 [elevated to genus level by Kirkaldy, 1903: 214] Type species: Jassus tiliae Germar, 1831 Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) Matsumura Pediopsoides Matsumura, 1912: 305 Digitalis Liu & Zhang, 2002: 175 [synonymized by Dai & Zhang, 2009: 23] Type species: Pediopsoides formosanus Matsumura, 1912 Pediopsoides (Celopsis) Hamilton Pediopsoides (Celopsis) Hamilton, 1980: 896 Type species: Macropsis dapitana Merino, 1936 Pediopsoides (Sispocnis) Anufriev Oncopsis (Sispocnis) Anufriev, 1967: 174 [combined by Hamilton, 1980: 897] Type species: Bythoscopus kogotensis Matsumura, 1912
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Figs. 13–20. (13–17) Paragalboa acuta n. gen. & sp.; (18–20) Galboa typica (after China, 1925); (13) Body, dorsal view; (14) Habitus, lateral view; (15, 18) Head and pronotum, dorsal view; (16, 19) Face; (17, 20) Female 7th sternite.
Pediopsoides (Nanopsis) Freytag Nanopsis Freytag, 1974: 605 [reduced to subgenus by Hamilton, 1980: 897] Type species: Jassus verticus Say, 1830 Pediopsoides (Kiamoncopsis) Linnavuori Kiamoncopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 15 [reduced to subgenus by Hamilton, 1980: 899] Type species: Kiamoncopsis quartaui Linnavuori, 1978 Reticopsella Viraktamath Reticopsella Viraktamath, 1996: 184 Type species: Reticopsella orientalis Viraktamath, 1996 Reticopsis Hamilton Reticopsis Hamilton, 1980: 885 Type species: Pediopsis nubila Van Duzee, 1890 Ruandopsis Linnavuori Ruandopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 15 Type species: Ruandopsis kayovea Linnavuori, 1978 Stenopsoides Evans Stenopsoides Evans, 1941: 153 Type species: Stenopsoides turneri Evans, 1941 Stenoscopus Evans Stenoscopus Evans, 1934: 166 Type species: Stenoscopus drummondi Evans, 1934 Toropsis Hamilton Toropsis Hamilton, 1980: 886
Type species: Oncopsis balli Kirkaldy, 1907 Varicopsella Hamilton Varicopsella Hamilton, 1980: 900 Type species: Macropsis breakeyi Merino, 1936 Zelopsis Evans Zelopsis Evans, 1966: 168 Type species: Zelopsis nothofagi Evans, 1966
Paragalboa gen. nov. (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:786ED9BB-64D8-43AF-BEA70EE8F3908619) Type species: Paragalboa acuta sp. n., original designation Coloration and morphology. Body brown (or green), wedgeshaped. Crown in dorsal view angulate, shorter medially than next to eye. Face width across eyes approximately equal to length; clypeal suture absent; clypeo-loral suture poorly developed; clypellus produced distally, without apical notch; Ocelli white, about 4 times closer to adjacent eyes than to each other. Pronotum declivous anteriorly, almost as wide as the head in dorsal view, with oblique series of elliptical punctuations terminating on posterior margin. Scutellum broadly triangular, longer than pronotum, punctate medially. Forewing with three closed anteapical cells. Hind tibia chaetotaxy PD 12, AD 8, AV 5.
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Figs. 21–27. Paragalboa acuta sp. nov. (21) Male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view; (22) Aedeagus, ventral view; (23) Aedeagus, lateral view; (24) Connective, ventral view; (25) Connective, lateral view; (26) Style, lateral view; (27) Dorsal connective, lateral view.
Male genitalia. Male pygofer side slightly higher than long, with ventral process well developed, slender and elongate. Subgenital plates slightly broadened distally with numerous irregularly arranged long fine setae. Aedeagus tubular, shaft slender, bent dorsally, gonopore apical; dorsal apodeme well developed, columnlike. Style slender, slightly broadened pre-apically. Connective small, median anterior lobe well developed between dorsally bent anterolateral arms. Paired dorsal connectives large and well sclerotized. Distribution. Madagascar. Etymology. This new genus name is intended to accentuate its morphological similarity to Galboa. Gender: female. Notes. The long rostrum of Paragalboa resembles that of Galboa and the occurrence of both genera in the Malagasy subregion suggests that they are related. However, Paragalboa is smaller than Galboa, lacks white spots on the forewing veins, has the clypellus produced apically (not notched as in Galboa), and has the female 7th sternite strongly produced rather than concave posteriorly. Until males are described for Galboa, the relationship between these genera will remain uncertain. The male genitalia of Paragalboa resembles those of Ruandopsis, recorded from Africa and the Australian region, and Macropsella, recorded from the Australian region.
Paragalboa acuta sp. nov. (Figs. 13–17, 21–27) (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D6FB11F1-8BCA-470D-82FA8BF31937C8A7)
Male. Body length including tegmina 3.3 mm. Coloration. Body dull stramineous (Fig. 13). Mesonotum with basolateral angles dark brown (Fig. 15). Face infused with brown dorsally, darker near eyes, eyes red brown. Ocelli white (Fig. 16). Forewing hyaline except with white opaque sclerotization in costal cell, veins pale except with some infuscation near apex (Fig. 14). Morphology. External morphology as described for genus. Male genitalia. Pygofer with ventral process arising on ventral margin and curved dorsad along the margin of lobe, not reaching the upper margin. Subgenital plate with marginal setae on dorsal region, apex with denser setae (Fig. 21). Aedeagus tubular, shaft slender, bent dorsally, gonopore apical (Figs. 22 and 23). Style slender, slightly broadened preapically, with sparse row of fine setae dorsally, apex upturned (Fig. 26). Dorsal connectives M-shaped with slender ends, front end tapered and caudal end foot shaped (Fig. 27). Female. Body length including tegmina 3.5–3.7 mm. Body colouration and appearance similar to those of males, but body size larger. 7th sternite, about twice as long as 6th, strongly produced in middle of posterior margin and with the caudal margin concave (Fig. 17). Type Material. HOLOTYPE: 1 male, Madagascar: Diego-Suarez Province Parc National Montagne D’Ambre, 26-I-2001, 960m, 12 30’52”S, 49 10’53”E, ME Irwin, EI Schlinger, R. Harin’Hala; PARATYPES: 2 males, 6 females, same data. Etymology. This new specific epithet refers to the tapering end of the dorsal connectives.
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Acknowledgments We express our sincere thanks to J. R. Schrock, Emporia State University, USA, for revising this manuscript. This project is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (31272346, 31420103911).
References Cited Amyot, C. J. B., and A. Serville. 1843. Histoire Naturelle des Insects. He´mipte`res. 675. pp. Anufriev, G. A. 1967. Notes on the genus Oncopsis Burmeister 1838 (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha) with description of new species from the Soviet Far East. Ent. Tidskr. 88: 174–84. Burmeister, H. C. C. 1838. Genera insectorum iconibus illustravit et descripsit, Rhynchota. sumtibus A. Burmeister, Berlini, 48 pp. China, W. E. 1925. The Ethiopian species of Macropsis Lewis (Pediopsis auct.) (Homopt. Bythoscopidae). Eos. 1: 361–74. Dai, W., and Y. L. Zhang. 2009. The genus Pediopsoides Matsumura (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Macropsini) from mainland China, with description of two new species. Zootaxa. 2134: 23–35. Distant, W. L. 1909. “Sealark” Rhynchota. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 13: 29–47. Evans, J. W. 1934. A revision of the Ipoinae (Homoptera, Eurymelidae). Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 58: 149–67. Evans, J. W. 1941. New Australian leaf-hoppers. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 65: 36–41. Evans, J. W. 1966. The leafhoppers and froghoppers of Australia and New Zealand (Homoptera: Cicadelloidea and Cercopoidea). Mem. Aust. Mus. 12: 347. pp. Freytag, P. H. 1974. A new genus of leafhoppers-Nanopsis. An. Ent. Soc. Am. 67: 605–6. Hamilton, K. G. A. 1980. Contributions to the study of the world Macropsini (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Can. Entomol. 112: 875–932.
5 Kirkaldy, G. W. 1903. On the nomenclature of the genera of the Rhynchota; Heteroptera, and Auchenorrhynchous Hmoptera – Part V. Entomologist. 36: 213–6. Lewis, R. H. 1834. Descriptions of some new genera of British Homoptera. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1: 47–52. Li, H., R. H. Dai, Z. Z. Li, and D. Y. Tishechkin. 2013. Taxonomic study of Chinese species of the genus Macropsis Lewis, 1836 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Macropsinae) II: a new subgenus for Macropsis flavovirens Kuoh. Zootaxa. 3641: 57–62. Linnavuori, R. 1978. Studies on the family Cicadellidae (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha), 1. A revision of the Macropsinae of the Ethiopian Region. Acta Ent. Fenn. 33: 1–17. Liu, Z. J., and Y. L. Zhang. 2002. Description of two new species of Macropsinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) from China. Entomotaxonomia. 25: 181–5. Matsumura, S. 1912. Die Acocephalinen und Bythoscopinen Japans. J. Sapporo Agric. Coll. 4: 279–325. Rakitov, R. A. 1998. On differentiation of cicadellid leg chaetotaxy (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Membracoidea). Russian Entomol. J. 6: 7–27. Ribaut, H. 1952. Homopte`res Auche´norhynques: (Jassidae). Faune Fr. 57: 1–474. Singh-Pruthi, H. 1936. Studies on Indian Jassidae (Homoptera). Part 3. Descriptions of some new genera and species, with fiest records of some known species from India. Mem. Indian Mus. 11: 101–31. Viraktamath, C. A. 1996. New Oriental Macropsinae with a key to species of the Indian subcontinent (Insecta: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Ent. Abh. Mus. Tierkd. Dresden. 57: 183–200. Westwood, J. O. 1840. An introduction to the modern classification of insects. 2. Synopsis of the Genera of British Insects. 158. pp. Zhang, Y. L. 1990. A Taxonomic Study of Chinese Cicadellidae (Homoptera). Tianze Eldonejo, Shaanxi, 218 pp. [in Chinese]
A New Genus of Macropsinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) From Madagascar Liyuan Yang,1 C.H. Dietrich,2 and Yalin Zhang1,3 1 Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China, 2lllinois Natural History Survey, Institute of Natural Resource Sustainability, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA, and 3Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Subject Editor: Roland Muehlethaler Received 25 April 2016; Accepted 6 June 2016
Abstract Paragalboa acuta gen. & sp. n. is described and illustrated from Madagascar. The new genus shows morphological affinities to the Macropsini genus Galboa Distant recorded from Seychelles. A checklist of all known genera of Macropsinae is provided. Key words: Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Macropsini, morphology, taxonomy
Members of the leafhopper subfamily Macropsinae are of nearly worldwide distribution with endemic genera and species on all continents except South America and Antarctica. Most macropsines appear to be specialized feeders on particular genera or species of woody hosts but a few inhabit grasslands or deserts and feed on herbs. In the current classification, the tribe is organized into 18 genera: Asmaropsis Linnavuori, Galboa Distant, Hephathus Ribaut, Macropsella Hamilton, Macropsidius Ribaut, Macropsis Lewis, Oncopsis Burmeister, Pedionis Hamilton, Pediopsis Burmeister, Pediopsoides Matsumura, Reticopsella Viraktamath, Reticopsis Hamilton, Ruandopsis Linnavuori, Stenopsoides Evans, Stenoscopus Evans, Toropsis Hamilton, Varicopsella Hamilton and Zelopsis Evans. A recent study of a collection of samples from Madagascar revealed the presence of a new endemic genus, Paragalboa. This new genus resembles Galboa from Seychelles in having a long rostrum extending to the base of the hind trochanters, which distinguishes them from other genera (Figs. 1–12)in this tribe. Galboa was established by Distant (1909) with Galboa typica Distant, 1909 (Figs. 18–20) as the type species. The most distinctive characters are the notched clypellus and the long rostrum. Galboa was erected based on a female specimen and is still known only from the type specimen of the type species (China, 1925; Hamilton, 1980) thus the male genitalia have not been described. Based upon careful examination of well-preserved male and female specimens from Madagascar, a new genus is described. The new genus can be distinguished from Galboa by the apex of the clypellus lacking a notch, the forewing veins lacking white spots, the shorter body length and characters of the female 7th sternite.
Material and Methods The specimens were collected using Malaise traps. External characters and genital structures were examined under Olympus SZX12 and Olympus U-DA microscopes. Morphological techniques and terminologies follow Hamilton (1980) and Zhang (1990), the rows of setae on the legs follows Rakitov (1998). Holotype specimen as well as half paratype specimens described in this study are deposited in the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA (CAS), remaining half paratypes are deposited in the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, USA (INHS).
Nomenclature This paper and the nomenclatural act it contains have been registered in Zoobank (www.zoobank.org), the official register of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. The LSID (Life Science Identifier) number of the publication is: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:pub:C0FD25EF-23A1-4559-BFC1-8203F387030D
Generic Checklist of World Macropsinae Subgenus Varicopsella (Multispinulosa) Li, Dai and Li is excluded from the list, the status of this subgenus may need more verification. Asmaropsis Linnavuori Asmaropsis Linnavuori, 1978: 17 Type species: Asmaropsis troilos Linnavuori, 1978 Galboa Distant Galboa Distant, 1909: 45 Type species: Galboa typica Distant, 1909 Hephathus Ribaut Hephathus Ribaut, 1952: 437 Type species: Bythoscopus nanus Herrich-Sch€ affer, 1835
C The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America. V
1
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]. Version of Record, first published online July 7, 2016 with fixed content and layout in compliance with Art. 8.1.3.2 ICZN.
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Figs. 1–12. Face (1) Macropsella; (2) Macropsidius; (3) Macropsis; (4) Oncopsis; (5) Pedionis; (6) Pediopsis; (7) Pediopsoides; (8) Ruandopsis; (9) Stenoscopus; (10) Toropsis; (11) Vericopsella; (12) Zelopsis.
Macropsella Hamilton Macropsella Hamilton, 1980: 901 Type species: Macropsis saidora Evans, 1971 Macropsidius Ribaut Macropsidius Ribaut, 1952: 436 Type species: Pediopsis dispar Fieber, 1868 Macropsis (Macropsis) Lewis Macropsis Lewis, 1834: 49 Tsavopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 14 [synonymized by Hamilton, 1980: 904] Type species: Jassus prasinus Boheman, 1852 Macropsis (Neomacropsis) Hamilton Macropsis (Neomacropsis) Hamilton, 1980: 911 Type species: Pediopsis basalis Van Duzee, 1889 Macropsis (Parapediopsis) Hamilton Macropsis (Parapediopsis) Hamilton, 1980: 905 Type species: Macropsis benguetensis Merino, 1936 Macropsis (Spinomacropsis) Li Macropsis (Spinomacropsis) Li et al., 2013: 58 Type species: Macropsis flavovirens Kuoh, 1992 Oncopsis (Oncopsis) Burmeister Bythoscopus (Oncopsis) Burmeister, 1838: 10 [elevated to genus level by Westwood, 1840: 117] Zinneca Amyot & Serville, 1843: 579 [synonymized by Hamilton, 1980: 887] Type species: Cicada flavicollis Linnaeus, 1761
Oncopsis (Parasitades) Singh-Pruthi Parasitades Singh-Pruthi, 1936: 106 [reduced to subgenus by Hamilton, 1980: 890] Type species: Parasitades baileyi Singh-Pruthi, 1936 Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton, 1980: 894 Type species: Pediopsis garuda Distant, 1916 Pedionis (Thyia) Hamilton Pedionis (Thyia) Hamilton, 1980: 894 Type species: Macropsis thyia Kirkaldy, 1907 Pediopsis Burmeister Bythoscopus (Pediopsis) Burmeister, 1838: 11 [elevated to genus level by Kirkaldy, 1903: 214] Type species: Jassus tiliae Germar, 1831 Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) Matsumura Pediopsoides Matsumura, 1912: 305 Digitalis Liu & Zhang, 2002: 175 [synonymized by Dai & Zhang, 2009: 23] Type species: Pediopsoides formosanus Matsumura, 1912 Pediopsoides (Celopsis) Hamilton Pediopsoides (Celopsis) Hamilton, 1980: 896 Type species: Macropsis dapitana Merino, 1936 Pediopsoides (Sispocnis) Anufriev Oncopsis (Sispocnis) Anufriev, 1967: 174 [combined by Hamilton, 1980: 897] Type species: Bythoscopus kogotensis Matsumura, 1912
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Figs. 13–20. (13–17) Paragalboa acuta n. gen. & sp.; (18–20) Galboa typica (after China, 1925); (13) Body, dorsal view; (14) Habitus, lateral view; (15, 18) Head and pronotum, dorsal view; (16, 19) Face; (17, 20) Female 7th sternite.
Pediopsoides (Nanopsis) Freytag Nanopsis Freytag, 1974: 605 [reduced to subgenus by Hamilton, 1980: 897] Type species: Jassus verticus Say, 1830 Pediopsoides (Kiamoncopsis) Linnavuori Kiamoncopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 15 [reduced to subgenus by Hamilton, 1980: 899] Type species: Kiamoncopsis quartaui Linnavuori, 1978 Reticopsella Viraktamath Reticopsella Viraktamath, 1996: 184 Type species: Reticopsella orientalis Viraktamath, 1996 Reticopsis Hamilton Reticopsis Hamilton, 1980: 885 Type species: Pediopsis nubila Van Duzee, 1890 Ruandopsis Linnavuori Ruandopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 15 Type species: Ruandopsis kayovea Linnavuori, 1978 Stenopsoides Evans Stenopsoides Evans, 1941: 153 Type species: Stenopsoides turneri Evans, 1941 Stenoscopus Evans Stenoscopus Evans, 1934: 166 Type species: Stenoscopus drummondi Evans, 1934 Toropsis Hamilton Toropsis Hamilton, 1980: 886
Type species: Oncopsis balli Kirkaldy, 1907 Varicopsella Hamilton Varicopsella Hamilton, 1980: 900 Type species: Macropsis breakeyi Merino, 1936 Zelopsis Evans Zelopsis Evans, 1966: 168 Type species: Zelopsis nothofagi Evans, 1966
Paragalboa gen. nov. (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:786ED9BB-64D8-43AF-BEA70EE8F3908619) Type species: Paragalboa acuta sp. n., original designation Coloration and morphology. Body brown (or green), wedgeshaped. Crown in dorsal view angulate, shorter medially than next to eye. Face width across eyes approximately equal to length; clypeal suture absent; clypeo-loral suture poorly developed; clypellus produced distally, without apical notch; Ocelli white, about 4 times closer to adjacent eyes than to each other. Pronotum declivous anteriorly, almost as wide as the head in dorsal view, with oblique series of elliptical punctuations terminating on posterior margin. Scutellum broadly triangular, longer than pronotum, punctate medially. Forewing with three closed anteapical cells. Hind tibia chaetotaxy PD 12, AD 8, AV 5.
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Figs. 21–27. Paragalboa acuta sp. nov. (21) Male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view; (22) Aedeagus, ventral view; (23) Aedeagus, lateral view; (24) Connective, ventral view; (25) Connective, lateral view; (26) Style, lateral view; (27) Dorsal connective, lateral view.
Male genitalia. Male pygofer side slightly higher than long, with ventral process well developed, slender and elongate. Subgenital plates slightly broadened distally with numerous irregularly arranged long fine setae. Aedeagus tubular, shaft slender, bent dorsally, gonopore apical; dorsal apodeme well developed, columnlike. Style slender, slightly broadened pre-apically. Connective small, median anterior lobe well developed between dorsally bent anterolateral arms. Paired dorsal connectives large and well sclerotized. Distribution. Madagascar. Etymology. This new genus name is intended to accentuate its morphological similarity to Galboa. Gender: female. Notes. The long rostrum of Paragalboa resembles that of Galboa and the occurrence of both genera in the Malagasy subregion suggests that they are related. However, Paragalboa is smaller than Galboa, lacks white spots on the forewing veins, has the clypellus produced apically (not notched as in Galboa), and has the female 7th sternite strongly produced rather than concave posteriorly. Until males are described for Galboa, the relationship between these genera will remain uncertain. The male genitalia of Paragalboa resembles those of Ruandopsis, recorded from Africa and the Australian region, and Macropsella, recorded from the Australian region.
Paragalboa acuta sp. nov. (Figs. 13–17, 21–27) (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D6FB11F1-8BCA-470D-82FA8BF31937C8A7)
Male. Body length including tegmina 3.3 mm. Coloration. Body dull stramineous (Fig. 13). Mesonotum with basolateral angles dark brown (Fig. 15). Face infused with brown dorsally, darker near eyes, eyes red brown. Ocelli white (Fig. 16). Forewing hyaline except with white opaque sclerotization in costal cell, veins pale except with some infuscation near apex (Fig. 14). Morphology. External morphology as described for genus. Male genitalia. Pygofer with ventral process arising on ventral margin and curved dorsad along the margin of lobe, not reaching the upper margin. Subgenital plate with marginal setae on dorsal region, apex with denser setae (Fig. 21). Aedeagus tubular, shaft slender, bent dorsally, gonopore apical (Figs. 22 and 23). Style slender, slightly broadened preapically, with sparse row of fine setae dorsally, apex upturned (Fig. 26). Dorsal connectives M-shaped with slender ends, front end tapered and caudal end foot shaped (Fig. 27). Female. Body length including tegmina 3.5–3.7 mm. Body colouration and appearance similar to those of males, but body size larger. 7th sternite, about twice as long as 6th, strongly produced in middle of posterior margin and with the caudal margin concave (Fig. 17). Type Material. HOLOTYPE: 1 male, Madagascar: Diego-Suarez Province Parc National Montagne D’Ambre, 26-I-2001, 960m, 12 30’52”S, 49 10’53”E, ME Irwin, EI Schlinger, R. Harin’Hala; PARATYPES: 2 males, 6 females, same data. Etymology. This new specific epithet refers to the tapering end of the dorsal connectives.
Journal of Insect Science, 2016, Vol. 16, No. 1
Acknowledgments We express our sincere thanks to J. R. Schrock, Emporia State University, USA, for revising this manuscript. This project is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (31272346, 31420103911).
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